Last year, around the world, 5.4 million people fled violence and persecution by seeking refuge in other countries. While Africa remains severely affected by forced displacement, it also provides refuge to those affected by it.
In the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), for instance, peace has been absent for decades and armed conflict, climate crises and recurring epidemics have combined to create a seemingly endless humanitarian emergency.
According to UNHCR[1], more than 3.9 million people were internally displaced in 2025 due to deteriorating security and the ongoing conflict in the country’s eastern provinces of DRC. By the end of the year, 5.7 million people were still displaced within the country, while over 1.2 million more had crossed into neighboring countries such as Uganda and Burundi.
Uganda hosted 1.9 million refugees by the end of 2025, making it one of the world’s leading refugee-hosting countries. Of these, more than 640,000 came from the DRC, an increase of 16 per cent compared with the previous year as violence intensified in the east of the country.
Burundi, which in recent years has itself been a country of origin for hundreds of thousands of refugees, now also hosts those fleeing the same conflict. These refugees are living in camps that have been hastily built on low-lying agricultural land which was never designed to accommodate such large numbers of people.
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